Diplomacy: What can we expect from the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping to Phnom Penh?

Chinese President Xi Jinping arrives in Phnom Penh for a state visit that is expected to strengthen the already solid ties between China and Cambodia. The visit takes place in a context of regional cooperation and strategic partnership, with China remaining the leading foreign investor in Cambodia.

During the visit, several agreements are expected to be signed, covering a wide range of sectors in order to stimulate bilateral cooperation and the development of Cambodia. The visit coincides with the inauguration of the Cambodia-China naval base in Ream and the Cambodia-China Joint Logistics and Training Centre in Sihanoukville, symbolising the growing military and strategic collaboration between the two countries.

The timing of the visit, which coincides with the Khmer New Year holidays in Cambodia and the anniversary of the fall of Phnom Penh in 1975, has sparked debate.

Some interpret this choice as a deliberate demonstration of China's influence and a reminder of Cambodia's close ties with Beijing, particularly in the face of increased US tariffs and geopolitical pressures.

Prime Minister Hun Manet emphasised that the visit and the events that accompanied it highlighted the ‘unwavering friendship’ between Cambodia and China, thus contradicting rumours of a weakening of relations. The visit also reflects China's broader strategy of strengthening ties with its Southeast Asian neighbours amid global uncertainties and shifting geopolitical dynamics.

Cambodia can expect enhanced economic cooperation, increased Chinese investment and deeper integration under China's Belt and Road Initiative. The visit is also expected to strengthen political trust and strategic alignment, positioning Cambodia as a key partner in China's regional ambitions.

Xi Jinping's visit to Phnom Penh is expected to consolidate relations between Cambodia and China through new agreements, strategic military cooperation and a reaffirmation of political friendship, while navigating the complex regional and global geopolitical landscape.